The state of intracardiac hemodynamics in the elderly people with arterial hypertension, taking into account age, gender differences and geographic climatic living conditions

Abstract

We conducted a study of the state of intracardiac hemodynamics in elderly patients with hypertension in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, taking into account age, gender and geographic climatic differences.

Materials and methods

In the course of the study, an echocardiographic study was used according to the standard protocol with the Aloka ultrasound machine (Japan), which included M-modal, two-dimensional and Doppler modes.

Results

The study of the criteria of intracardiac hemodynamics in elderly and middle-aged men revealed that the parameters of the end-diastolic dimension (EDD) of the left ventricle and the mass of the left ventricular myocardium (LVMM) prevailed in elderly men compared with middle-aged men. When assessing the indicators of the transmitral blood flow in elderly men, a tendency towards a decrease in the value of the E/A ratio was found that was a reflection of diastolic dysfunction, namely, a disorder in myocardial relaxation. In elderly women, large sizes of the aortic root diameter, left ventricular myocardial mass (LVMM) and the thickness of the interventricular septum (IVS) were detected compared with the middle-aged women, which might be associated with age-related changes, namely, a decrease in elasticity, an increase in the diameter and wall thickening. Our analysis of the data delivered by our echocardiographic studies revealed that elderly patients with hypertension were characterized not only by the presence of LVH, but also by various changes in the geometry of the left ventricular myocardium. In the concentric hypertrophy group, the values of the relative wall thickness (RWT) and the left ventricular myocardial mass (LVMM) were significantly higher than those identified in the eccentric hypertrophy group, where there were higher values of the EDD parameters. A correlation was found between the average blood pressure (according to the ABPM data) and the parameters of the left ventricular myocardium in elderly patients with hypertension.

Discussion

The study of the intracardiac hemodynamic parameters in elderly people (both men and women) has revealed a high prevalence of changes in the geometry of the left ventricle with a predominance of the concentric type of remodeling, which is more pronounced in elderly women.

Conclusion

Our analysis of the prevalence of hypertension in elderly patients, considering the geographic climatic conditions of their residence, has revealed that the incidence rate of hypertension is higher in those individuals, who live in the lowland zone than in those living in the mountainous regions.

Imprint

Irina K. Tkhabisimova, Maria M. Tkhabisimova, Rimma Kh. Medalieva, Aslanbek V. Akhmetov, Radima Kh. Zhemukhova. The state of intracardiac hemodynamics in the elderly people with arterial hypertension, taking into account age, gender differences and geographic climatic living conditions. Cardiometry; Issue 18; May 2021; p.156-160; DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2021.18.156160; Available from: http://www.cardiometry.net/issues/no18-may-2021/state-of-intracardiac-hemodynamics